协商式亲密关系:独生子女父母对家庭关系和孝道的期待(7)

协商式亲密关系:独生子女父母对家庭关系和孝道的期待(7)

依据以上三点,中国家庭的亲密关系与西方学者谈论的亲密关系有很大不同。西方文献中的亲密关系概念,讲的是夫妻之间的、横向的、去物质化的关系,因此强调相互倾诉、语言表达、情感体验。而中国家庭的亲密关系,在实践形态上包含了三代人之间的纵向关系,以及不脱离物质利益的共同决策与情感寄托。因此,中国的经验研究应当扩展亲密关系的概念内涵,而不应局限于西方中心主义的研究范式。

最后还应说明,中国父母们的积极行动,可以理解为个体化进程中一种重新嵌入(reintegration)社会的努力。贝克等人(Beck, 1992; Beck & Beck-Gernsheim, 2002)指出,完整的个体化进程展现出三个维度:解放、失去稳定性以及重新嵌入社会。随着单位制解体、小家庭兴起、技术进步以及流动性增加,独生子女的父母们既获得了解放与自由,也同时面对社会保障方面的制度欠缺与不确定性。主动为子女购房,实际上是将市场环境、子女发展以及自身生活期待三者捏合起来的策略,因此是重新嵌入社会的努力。这样的努力是否最终能使两代人都满意,并获得两代关系稳定与平衡?这需要进一步的观察和研究。

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