金玉其外败絮其中的美国司法制度（6）

[1]方鲲鹏，旅美华人作家。

[2]资料来源：哥大法学院调查报告，A Broken System: Error Rates in Capital Cases（1973-1995）， http://www2.law.columbia.edu/instructionalservices/liebman/liebman_final.pdf.

[3]资料来源：无辜者专案，http://www.innocenceproject.org/Content/DNA_Exonerations_Nationwide.php.

[4]资料来源：Does the “Vanishing Jury Trial Phenomenon” Impact Trial Preparation? By Jan Mills Spaeth Ph.D. And Rosalind R. Greene, J.D. This article was printed in the Arizona Attorney, in April, 2010.

[5]资料来源：政府统计资料，《纽约时报》报道，http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/31/us/supreme-court-to-hear-cases-involving-bad-advice-on-plea-deals.html.

[6]资料来源：美国司法部统计局，Bureau of Justice Statistics Charts and tables about percent of tort cases concluded by trial in U.S. district courts, 1970 – 2003，http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/glance/tables/torttrialtab.cfm.

[7]资料来源：《纽约时报》根据美国司法部统计局资料报道，http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/us/23prison.html?pagewanted=all.

[8]人口统计必须在某一时点进行，美国监狱囚犯统计在每年6月30日这一天进行。

[9]资料来源：美国司法部统计局，http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2200.

[10]资料来源：联合国毒品和犯罪署，http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/statistics/crime/CTS_Formal_contact.xls.